Anjelica Rahaniotis
Professor P.
Isearch for Change
April 9th 2013
Legalization
Over the past few years there has been one major debate, to legalize or not to legalize marijuana. This debate brings up many questions involving safety, myths about the drug, and is it beneficial to our economy? Throughout my research I have come across plenty of articles involving different opinions from different people throughout the country. In order to see a change I believe we need to see all sides of the argument to start off.
The first argument that can be stated is that marijuana helps with certain chronic illnesses. Some illnesses include: Cancer, glaucoma, HIV, AIDS, Hepatitis C, ALS, Muscular Dystrophy, Crohn’s Disease, Alzheimer’s, and Multiple Sclerosis. Marijuana is
psychoactive because it stimulates certain brain receptors but it does not produce toxins that kill them (like alcohol), and it does not wear patients out as other drugs may. Also, some studies show that smoked marijuana is effective for patients in relieving nausea for cancer patients who are undergoing chemotherapy. Smoking marijuana is helpful to Anorexic patients in that it gives them an appetite to eat. For Glaucoma patients, marijuana is effective in lowering pressure inside the eyeballs. However, the drug also drops blood pressure, and this could compromise blood flow to the optic nerve and can damage vision. On the other hand, if you have high blood pressure, smoking marijuana can help lower your levels. If marijuana were legal it would be easier for patients to obtain the drug to help them with pain or whatever reasons they need it for. Also, if people that are sick do not have the money to afford certain medications or annual visits to the doctor, having marijuana being easier to obtain can help them save money and time.
There are many myths about marijuana being a gateway drug. Some people believe that marijuana leads to use of cocaine, heroine, and methamphetamine. In 1999, Barry McCaffrey commissioned a major study on medical marijuana conducted by the Venerable Institute of Medicine. This study included an examination of marijuana’s potential lead to other drug use. Studies found that most drug users began with alcohol and nicotine before marijuana (usually before they are of legal age). There is no evidence that proves that the drug effects of marijuana are linked to the abuse of other illicit drugs. In 2006, the University of Pittsburgh released a more in depth study. Researchers in this group spent 12 years following a group of subjects from adolescence into adulthood and recorded them from the initiation and progression of their drug use. Evidence shows that an individual’s progression into illicit drugs does depend upon their individual tendencies and their environmental as well. Basically, people who have moved on from other drugs depends on many other factors than the fact that they started out smoking marijuana. It depends on their personalities, how they were raised and the environment that they were raised in. For this project I interviews two close friends. They both state their name, age, when they started smoking and their opinions on marijuana and their opinions on the legalization of marijuana. In the interview both girls state that they are frequent users and have never taken any other drugs besides marijuana nor do they have the desire to do so. Throughout both studies in 1999 and 2006 there is no evidence to prove that marijuana is the cause of other drug abuse. Also, the ratio for alcohol is generally between 4:1 and 10:1. Alcohol overdoses are responsible for approximately 5,000 casualties yearly, but, according to Dr. Paul Hornby, marijuana overdoses kill no one as far as any official reports.
On the other side of this argument, an article on CNBC’s website states all the counter arguments on to why marijuana should be illegal. The article begins to explain how most of the people, in favor of marijuana’s legalization, fail to understand that the greatest costs of marijuana are not related to its prohibition; they are the costs resulting from marijuana use itself. People also argue that the main cost of marijuana is through the criminal justice system but in fact, according to Caulkins & Sevigny (2005), the percentage of people in prison for marijuana use is less than one half of one percent. When conducting my interview, one of the girls used this fact as one of the reasons why marijuana should be legalized. When I explained that she was in fact wrong and told her the actual percentage, she was shocked. These are facts that people need to know about and research before they make an argument, so I found this extremely helpful. What I found interesting about the article is that it compares the legalization of marijuana to gambling. People for the legalization state that, just like gambling, the legalization can benefit from it and overlook how immoral it might be. On the other hand, the legalization of gambling did not decrease the amount of gamblers but it in fact increased the amount. In other words, legalizing marijuana will increase the number of users instead of stabilizing or reducing the amount. Although marijuana has not caused any deaths it has caused a major dependency. According to CNBC’s article, marijuana is currently the leading cause of substance dependence other than alcohol in the U.S. In 2008 two thirds of Americans were suffering from marijuana abuse and dependence. Marijuana does not harm your body and can very well help people deal with illness or anxiety but can dependency be its downfall? Also in my interview both girls state that they depend on marijuana to sleep every night. In return I asked if they saw that as a bad thing and if they can compare to sleeping pills. They argument, like I stated before, was that marijuana is natural unlike pills and does not harm your body so there is no harm in being dependant on something that is healthy.
In an article published on April 4th 2013 by the Pew Research Center, a national stud portrays that more than half (52%) say that marijuana should be made legal as opposed to only 45% say that it should not be legal. The amount of people for the legalization of marijuana has risen 11 points since 2010. Another survey done in March state that 1,501 adults believe that young adults are the people that are the most supportive of the legalization. Some believe that marijuana is the downfall of our generation. People stereotype marijuana users as either hippies, kids who have either dropped out of school or kids that are just lazy. Of course, there are many other stereotypes that come along with the use of marijuana but just like every other stereotypes, most of it is not true. Both of the women that I interviewed have stable jobs and live in a stable environment. They feel that they do work hard every day and deserve the freedom to use a natural substance, such as marijuana, to help them relax each night before they go to sleep.
Through my research I believe that this is a debate that constantly comes down to opinion. Both sides of the argument portray valid fact but one does not out rule the other. In my interview I also interviewed one of the girls mothers who is a nurse and is opposed to the legalization. She states that she does see how it helps people who are sick but does not think it should be use for recreational purposes. I interviewed everyone at the same time and I did this for a reason. I wanted everyone to discuss openly to each other their opinions and record their debate. Well, the debate went on for a half an hour and the result was to just agree to disagree.